Fig. 2

Hyperactivity phenotype in Gde2KO mice. A Schematic of OF test. B–E Analysis of OF test. B, C Total distance (B) and its dynamics (C) during 30 min of testing in the OF task for WT and Gde2KO mice at 7 month time point. No effect of genotype or its interactions were detected (three-way mixed design ANOVA, Ps > 0.05). D, E The same measures and analysis as in B and C, respectively, for 16-month-old mice. Gde2KO mice demonstrated higher motor activity that was partially ameliorated during the duration of testing as indicated by significant effect of genotype (F(1,52) = 20.92, P < 3.0E−5) and genotype × block interaction (F(8,416) = 2.15, P < 0.031). F Schematic of 2 trial Y maze test. G–J Analysis of Y maze task (G, H). Total distance (G) and dynamics (H) during Y maze testing in 7-month-old mice. Gde2KO mice were more active than WT mice during trial 1 (one arm closed) (ANOVA, effect of genotype F(1,63) = 5.95, P < 0.018) and particularly during trial 2 (all 3 arms open) (F(1,63) = 39.97, P < 1.0E-5). I, J The same measures and analyses as in G and H, respectively, for 16-month old mice. Gde2KO mice were more active than WT mice in both trials (F(1,47) > 17.75, P < 1.0E−4). K Schematic of plus maze. L The distance traveled (L) and its dynamics (M) by 7-month-old WT and Gde2KO mice. The higher motor activity of Gde2KO mice was confirmed by ANOVA (effect of genotype, (F(1,70) = 10.35, P < 0.002). All graphs are means ± SEM; P > 0.05; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001. See Additional file 2: Table S1 for statistical details. Schematics in A, F, and K created in BioRender.com