Fig. 4From: Optogenetic stimulation of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons prevents neuroinflammation and neuropsychiatric manifestations in pristane induced lupus miceEffects of optogenetic stimulation of BF cholinergic neurons on cytokine expression, IgG deposition and lipofuscin accumulation in the brain of PIL mice A Quantitative analysis of the levels of brain cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-10). B and C Representative images of IgG deposition in the choroid plexus and lateral ventricular wall (green). DAPI staining for nuclei (blue). D and E Quantitative analysis of IgG deposition in the choroid plexus and lateral ventricular wall by MFI and normalized to the control group. F and G Representative images of autofluorescent lipofuscin at 480 nm exciting light (green) in the cortex and hippocampus. DAPI staining for nuclei (blue). H and I Quantification analysis of lipofuscin foci in the cortex and hippocampus and normalized to the control group. The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 12 in each group). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test: ## p < 0.01 compared to the control group, * p < 0.05 or ** p < 0.01 compared to the PIL groupBack to article page