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Table 1 Socio-demographic and psychological characteristics of subjects

From: Brain structural investigation and hippocampal tractography in medication overuse headache: a native space analysis

Variables

MOH patients (n = 14)

Healthy controls (n = 15)

Significance (p)

Subjects’ characteristics

 Age (years)

45.1 ± 11.2

47.5 ± 10.1

0.550

 Sex (F/H)

10/4

12/3

0.682

Migraine’s characteristics

 Migraine duration (years)

28.5 ± 11.9

NA

–

 Age of onset of migraine

16.6 ± 9.3

NA

–

 Medication Intake (per month)

59.8 ± 49.0

NA

–

 Opiates abuse (yes/no)

4/10

NA

–

 Caffeine abuse (yes/no)

3/11

NA

–

 Prior withdrawal

3/11

NA

–

Neuropsychological evaluation

 MDQ-H score

87.7 ± 25.5

21.8 ± 2.1

<0.001*

 BDI score

5.4 ± 4.5

1.1 ± 1.4

0.002*

 STAI score

40.2 ± 11.2

29.8 ± 8.9

0.010*

 PCS score

27.8 ± 12.6

5.1 ± 6.3

<0.001*

 BIS score

57.1 ± 7.9

59.4 ± 7.1

0.411

 IGT score

25.0 ± 26.3

16.0 ± 29.8

0.397

  1. BDI Beck Depression Inventory, PCS Pain Catastrophizing Scale, STAI State Anxiety Inventory, BIS Barrat Impulsivity Scale, MDQ-H Medication Dependence Questionnaire for Headache sufferers, IGT Iowa Gambling Task, NA not applicable
  2. * Significant between-groups difference at p < 0.001