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Table 3 Results related to vermis and hemisphere tumor location. Mean and standard deviations of direct (DS) and standard scores (T and scaled scores: SS). Mann-Whitney U means-standard scores comparisons for the statistically significant applied tests between vermal astrocytoma, hemisphere astrocytoma and vermal medulloblastoma groups with the control group, respectively.

From: Differential prefrontal-like deficit in children after cerebellar astrocytoma and medulloblastoma tumor

Direct Scores (DS) and corrected by age T and scaled scores (SS)

CONTROL GROUP N = 11 Mean ± SD

ASTROCYTOMA VERMIS N = 5 Mean ± SD and Mann-Whitney U

ASTROCYTOMA HEMISPHERE N = 8 Mean ± SD and Mann-Whitney U

MEDULLOBLASTOMA VERMIS N = 5 Mean ± SD and Mann-Whitney U

Raven-IQ

DS = 101.58 ± 10.35

T = 51.25 ± 6.91

DS = 85.40 ± 10.11

T = 40.2 ± 7

U = 6.5, p = 0.009

DS = 97.75 ± 18.94

T = 48.62 ± 12.67

n.s.

DS = 82 ± 15.11

T = 38.2 ± 10

U = 7.5, p = 0.014

WCST Perseverat. Errors

DS = 22.91 ± 19.97

T = 46.75 ± 12.6

DS = 25.6 ± 26.29

T = 48 ± 16.35

n.s.

DS = 22.57 ± 7.43

T = 44 ± 4.96

n.s.

DS = 37.6 ± 19.08

T = 32.4 ± 11.78

U = 10.5, p = 0.037

Stroop-Word

DS = 116.5 ± 6.96

T = 54.5 ± 3.39

DS = 92.20 ± 21.34

T = 41.8 ± 10.68

U = 13.39, p = 0.003

DS = 89.75 ± 22.39

T = 40.62 ± 11.13

U = 8.5, p = 0.001

DS = 71.5 ± 16.13

T = 31.75 ± 8.09

U = 0, p = 0.001

Stroop-Colour

DS = 82.66 ± 6.38

T = 51.58 ± 4.46

DS = 67.40 ± 18.16

T = 41.4 ± 12.32

n.s.

DS = 64.62 ± 12.23

T = 39.5 ± 7.96

U = 6, p < 0.0001

DS = 50.5 ± 4.79

T = 29.75 ± 3

U = 0, p = 0.001

Stroop-Incongruent

DS = 48.25 ± 5.44

T = 53.25 ± 5.44

DS = 39 ± 13.11

T = 44 ± 13.11

n.s.

DS = 39.25 ± 10.22

T = 44.25 ± 10.22

p = 0.057, n.s.

DS = 28.5 ± 4.2

T = 33.5 ± 4.2

U = 0, p = 0.001

Digits span WISC-R verbal scale

DS = 15.42 ± 2.63

SS = 9 ± 2.3

DS = 8.2 ± 1.3

SS = 4.4 ± 2.3

U = 1.5, p = 0.005

DS = 9.87 ± 3.75

SS = 6.12 ± 1.55

U = 9, p = 0.029

DS = 8 ± 5.6

SS = 5.2 ± 2.94

U = 5, p = 0.048

Phonologic Fluency

DS = 12.41 ± 4.05

SS = 11.66 ± 3.6

DS = 8.40 ± 4.03

SS = 8 ± 2.91

U = 11.5, p = 0.048

DS = 10.62 ± 3.73

SS = 10.12 ± 3.13

n.s.

DS = 8.8 ± 4.08

SS = 6.6 ± 2.19

U = 5.5, p = 0.006

Semantic Fluency

DS = 18.41 ± 3.28

SS = 11 ± 2.55

DS = 12.60 ± 3.04

SS = 6.4 ± 2.4

U = 3.5, p = 0.002

DS = 16.87 ± 5.30

SS = 9.62 ± 3.33

n.s.

DS = 11.4 ± 3.84

SS = 4.4 ± 1.81

U = 0, p < 0.0001